Shoulder Pain
Introduction
Shoulder pain is a common orthopedic condition with pain ranging from mild to unbearable. You may experience pain with movement of the shoulder or at rest.
Anatomy of the Shoulder
Your shoulder is made up of three bones- the humerus which is your upper arm bone, the clavicle which is your collarbone, and the scapula which is your shoulder blade. The head of the humerus fits into a rounded socket in your scapula called the glenoid.
A specific group of muscles and tendons called the rotator cuff covers the head of the humerus and keeps it attached to your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff provides support and stability to your shoulder joint. The shoulder allows a wide range of movement so injury and pain are common.
Causes
The different causes of shoulder pain include:
- Tendonitis or inflammation of the tendons in your shoulder
- Sports injuries that cause tendon or rotator cuff tears
- Arthritis
- Shoulder instability and dislocation
- Fracture of the bones due to a fall or trauma
Rarely you may experience shoulder pain due to an infection or tumor.
Signs and Symptoms
Apart from pain in your shoulder, you may also experience swelling, warmth, redness, and inability to lift your arm or any object using your arm. Pain may be generalized or involve a specific region of the shoulder such as the front or top of the joint. You may experience pain at night disrupting your sleep. The pain may resolve on its own or maybe persistent requiring an evaluation and treatment.
Diagnosis
When you present with shoulder pain, your doctor will review your symptoms and medical history and perform a complete physical examination. An X-ray is ordered to view your shoulder joint and locate the actual cause of pain.
You may also be asked to undergo magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the soft tissues of the shoulder or a computed tomography scan (CT scan) for a better view of the bones. In certain cases, a diagnostic arthroscopy may be performed where the shoulder joint is inspected internally with a fiberoptic camera.
Treatment
To treat shoulder pain your doctor may recommend rest, avoiding activities that cause pain, and physical therapy for the shoulder.
Medications or injections to control pain and inflammation may be recommended.
Heat and ice packs may be applied to the area where you feel pain.
Surgical intervention may be required for advanced cases of shoulder pain that cannot be treated by conventional methods of treatment. The common surgical procedures include arthroscopy or open surgery to repair, reconstruct or replace the shoulder joint.
For effective recovery following surgery, you must follow your doctor’s instructions. Ensure you get adequate rest in the initial days after your surgery and avoid intensive exercises. Mild stretches and strength-building exercises are useful for effective healing and to help restore your range of motion.
Summary
A timely diagnosis and early treatment can prevent worsening of your shoulder pain.
Shoulder pain can be effectively managed by following your doctor’s instructions and adhering to a healthy lifestyle.
